Improvement in devices for generating and burning hydrocarbon vapor



C. CARPENTER, Jr.

Generating and BurningjHydrocarbon vapors.

N0. 143.061. vPatented Sept-ember23,1873.

)Ewen or NITEE STATES PATENT Grrr(nio oALvINj CARPENTER, JE., oE SEEKoNx, MASS., ASsIeNoEoE ONE-HALE HIS EIGHT To `JAMES n. MADELL, 0E rEovIDENoE, n'. I.y

IMPROVEMENT IN DEVICES-FOR GENERATING `AND-Bumm@ HYD'ROCARBON VAPOR.

Speciticatidn forming'part of Letters Patent l\l"o.'143,061,y dated September QS, 1873; `application filed June 2e, 1873;

. To allrwhom t may concern;-

drawings annexed thereunto, to be a clear, full,

and exact description of said invention.

The object of this invention is to'cheapen the rst cost of motive power, and make it more safe to use from danger ot' explosions. The invention consists in devices for generating and burning steam in union with any good hydrocarbon oil, crude petroleum oil of 450 gravity being preferable.

The oil and water are put in the boiler together, the latter being made extra strong'for safety the oil, beingspecitically lighter, will iioat upon the water. The water, being heated below the oil, to from 300O to 4000 Fahrenheit,`passing up in' steam through it, vaporizes all of the portions thereof,`separatin g the gasoline, the naphtha, the' kerosene, and the light lubricating-oil from the crude petroleum, about two-thirds of the bulk of the oil uniting with the st eam to carbonize it and give it an excess of hydrogen, making the vapors in the boiler hydrocarbonized steam. This vapor is passed through a superheater, to be heated to the temperature of from 6000 to 8000 Fahrenheit. It may then be used directly as steam to operate steam-engines for motive power, in the ordinary manner of using steam, or as fuel for heating purposes. At'- ter being used in the engine it is exhausted into a receiver, passing through the same into another superheater in the furnace under the boiler, where it is again superlieated, and then transmitted through a blow-pipe apparatus to burn as a blast-dame to keep up the generation ot' the mixed vapors in the boiler.

To regulate the pressure of the exhaust vapor in this receiver for the blow-pipe apparatus, and prevent an excess of back pressure upon the engine, a still-worm is attached to the receiver to conduct away any excess" of pressureA therein through'r av condenser kept iilled with cool Water.V The vapor so condensed can be fed backto the boiler with the oil-charge, when lit is `fedin, by any suitable pumping-apparatus.'

Ordinary fuel, such as 'coal or wood, is 'employed when the boiler is first chargedyuntil vaporv is generated suiiicient to'supply the blow-pipe apparatus.

Care mustv be' taken when chargingl the boiler with its contents Vto leave'a stop-cock open for the vapor to pass 'oi vwhen first generated, which 'conducts from the vapor-chamber anyportion ofair that Inaybe therein, and 'prevents the nitrogen from being -united with the vapor under pressure in the boiler, which would cau'sean explosion in'the superheater'. This 'stop-cock' may open into vthe still-worm to save-suchfp'ortions bt' oil as 'may pass over in the first vapor raised). The residuum oil not vaporiz'ed in the boiler by steam maybe drawn'olr therefromvv when needed, to give place'to new charges of oil.

The process of boilingfthe oilwith vthewater inthe boiler refines and purifies it,'making it a better lubricator for machinery than the stilled and pressed parafine'oils. The paratne-wax portions being retained in the oils make it more lasting for machinery,

To carry out this process of generating hydrocarbon vapor and heat completely, 1 first construct a strong boiler by forming it of concentric annular chambers, the walls of each chamber being secured by any number of cross-binder tlues sufficient to hold the walls together firmly, and prevent them from expanding apart by extraordinary pressure, which also serve the purpose of giving an extra increase of lire-surface. The inside wall of the rst concentric annular chamber forms a tlue through the middle of the boiler, which branches into several ilues at or above the oilline, which serve to heat the vapor in the space above the oil. A pipe, made to pass out the top of the vapor-chamber, and spirally around the outside thereof, and terminating in a stop-cock outside of the smoke-jacket, for the purpose of connecting the same with a conduit-pipe leading to a steam-engine, acts as a superheater for the vapor, and is heated by the smoke and flame going up from the furnace. A receiver of suitable dimensions, into which the vapor from the engine exhausts, is connected by a pipe leading therefrom with a coil in the furnace, which acts as another superheater, terminating in a circular pipe around the furnace, which is provided with a suitable number of nozzles opening into the furnace, which act as blowpipe conduits for the superheated steam to be burned. A stillworm in a water-tank condenser is connected with said receiver to conduct off and condense any excess of vapor in the latter not necessary for carrying on combustion in the furnace, the condense-oil portions being returned to the boiler. Y

This still-worm and condenser thus regulate the pressure in the receiver necessary to produce the blast-flame.

A full understanding of the construction of the several devices herein named, to enable the artisan to build the same, may be had by reference to the drawings annexed to this specication.

Figure 1 is an elevated longitudinal sectional view, showing the interiors of the several devices cut through the middle to exhibit their mechanical construction.

A represents the ash-pit to furnace under the boiler; B, the furnace for coal or other fuel to be put; C, the grate as in any ordinary furnace; D D D D, smokejacket and outside covering to boiler; E, smoke-pipe to smoke-jacket; F, central smoke-Hue to boiler; Gr G, branch-pipe terminations of smoke-Hue F, to heat the carbonized vapor rising from the top of the oil in the boiler; H H, first concentric annular smoke-1l ue outside from cen tral smoke-flueF; I I, second concentricannular smoke-flue between outside of, boiler and inside -of smoke-jacket D D; J J J J, crossbinder smokeflues leading through at right angles to the concentric smoke-dues, to convey smoke and heat through the concentric annular water-chambers to boiler; K K K K, sectional view of said concentric annular water-chambers; L L L, coiled pipe around vapor-chamber to boiler, to superheat the vapor in the same, and conduct it to the engine; M, stop-cock to said coiled pipe, to let the vapor therein through to the engine or shut it off therefrom; N, receiver-chamber for the exhaust ofthe engine to pass into through pipe O; l?, stop-cock to open and let in exhaust vapor from receiver to a pipe-coil, Q, connected therewith in the furnace, to again superheat the vapor; R It, circular pipe around furnace as a terminus of pipe-coil Q, into which nozzles S S are inserted to let the vapor into the furnace in the form of a blow-pipe blast for fuel; T, Water-tank condenser with a stillworm pipe, U U, leading from receiver N, to condense the excess of vapor therein and regulate the back pressure of vapor in the receiver from crowding unnecessarily upon the engine; V, feed-water pipe to boiler; X, oilfeed pipe to same; Y, oil-pipe for drawing olf residue oil from boiler not converted into vapor; Z, water-line to boiler and conjunction' oil-1ine with Water. 85, top oil-line in boiler.

My locks, steam-gages, safety-valves, and water and oil indicators may be attached as in any ordinary boilers.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States in the aforesaid inventions and improvements in making a new motive power, is-

The combination of exhaust chamber N,

the still-worm U with water-tank condensery 

